Authors: Bachev, Doctor of Sciences (Economics), Professor, ORCID 0000-0003-0555-7468, Institute of Agricultural Economics, Sofia, Bulgaria, Kharlamova, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, ORCID 0000-0003-3614-712X, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Abstract: Іn Bulgaria, there is no comprehensive analysis of the state and evolution of agrarian research and development (ARD) activities, neither comparative studies with other EU member states. The goal of this paper is to analyze the state and evolution of ARD in Bulgaria during the period after country’s EU accession in 2007, identify major trends in that area, make a comparison with other EU states, specify main problems, and suggest conclusions for improvement of policies during next programming period. The analysis has found out that in years of EU membership the expenditures for ARD significantly decreased absolutely and relatively as a share in the total expenditures for R&D, which indicates diminishing importance and deteriorating financial, personnel, and material potential of agrarian knowledge and innovation sector. The most important sector for ARD in the country is the government in which more than 80% of overall expenditures for ARD are invested, as distribution of expenditures and organization of R&D in major sectors differ considerably from other EU member states. ARD in the country mainly are funded by the state budget, and the importance of budget financing relatedly increases during the period, unlike trends in other EU countries.
Keywords: research and development, agriculture, sectors, funding, AKIS, Bulgaria.
Received: 08/02/2020
1st Revision: 10/02/2020
Accepted: 20/02/2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2020/208-1/2
References
Anandajayasekeram P. and B. Gebremedhin (2009): Integrating innovation systems perspective and value chain analysis in agricultural research for development: Implications and challenges. Improving Productivity and Market Success (IPMS) of Ethiopian Farmers Project Working Paper 16, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi.
Antle J., J. Jones and C. Rosenzweigc (2017): Next generation agricultural system data, models and knowledge products: Introduction, Agricultural Systems; 155: 186–190.
Bachev H. (2018): Management and Agrarian sustainability-impact of institutions in Bulgaria, International Journal of Management and Sustainability 7 (2), 113-142.
Bachev H., M. Labonne (2000): About the organization of agrarian innovations, Station d’Economie et de Sociologie Rurale, Ecole Nationale Superieure Agronomique (ENSA, INRA).
Bachev H. and M. Mihailova (2019): Analysis of the State of the System of Sharing of Knowledge and Innovations in Bulgarian Agriculture, EconPapers. https://econpapers.repec.org/paper/pramprapa/94230.htm
Bachev H., B. Ivanov, E. Sokolova, D. Toteva (2017): Agricultural Sustainability in Bulgaria – Levels and Factors, International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources 6 (2), 42-51.
Bashev H., R. Denchev (1992): Economic Efficiency of Agricultural Research, in Issues in Agricultural Development, Occasional Paper Series, IAAE, Volume 6, 29-33.
Chartier O., M. Doghmi, C. Fourcin, M. Broek, P. Midmore (2015): Investment in Agricultural Research in Europe: Synthesis Report, IMPRESA project, EC 7th Framework Programme.
DG AGRI (2019): Various data.
EIP-AGRI Brochure Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems. https://ec.europa.eu/eip/agriculture/en/publications/eip-agri- brochure-agricultural-knowledge-and
EIP-AGRI EU SCAR (2012), Agricultural knowledge and innovation systems in transition – a reflection paper, Brussels.
Eurostat (2019): variouse data. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/browse-statistics-by-theme
European Commission (2018): Proposal for a REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL estab- lishing rules on support for strategic plans to be drawn up by Member States under the Common agricultural policy (CAP Strategic Plans) and financed by the European Agricultural Guarantee Fund (EAGF) and by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council, European Commission, Brussels, 1.6.2018
FAO (2019): COMMUNICATION IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, FAO, http://www.fao.org/3/v9406e/v9406e02.htm
Mykhailova L., N. Stoyanets, A. Mykhailov, T. Kharchenko, H. Bachev (2018): Sustainable development of the Ukrainian agrarian sector: perspectives and challenges, Problems and Perspectives in Management 16 (3), 28-39.
NSI National Statistical Institute (2019): Национален статистически институт, various data. https://infostat.nsi.bg/infostat/pages/ module.jsf?x_2=12&lang=bg
Touzard J., L. Temple, G. Faure and B. Triomphe (2015): Innovation systems and knowledge communities in the agriculture and agrifood sector: a literature review, Journal of Innovation Economics & Management, 2, (17), 117-142.
Özçatalbaş O. (2017): Human Development and Research-Development-Extension Relationships, in S. Maad (editor) Research and Development Evolving Trends and Practices – Towards Human, Institutional and Economic Sectors Growth, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.69096
USDA (2019): Agricultural Research Funding in the Public and Private Sectors, USDA, https://www.ers.usda.gov/data- products/agricultural-research-funding-in-the-public-and-private-sectors/
Weißhuhn P., K. Helming, and J. Ferretti (2018): Research impact assessment in agriculture–A review of approaches and impact areas, Research Evaluation, Volume 27, Issue 1, January 2018, Pages 36–42, https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvx034
World Bank (2006): Enhancing Agricultural Innovation: How to Go Beyond the Strengthening of Research Systems, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank, Washington DC.
Virmani S. (2013): Public-Private Partnership and Policy Reforms for Effective Agricultural Research, Development, and Training, in
Bhullar and N. Bhullar, Agricultural Sustainability, Elsevier.
Башев Х. (1998): Организация на аграрните иновации, Икономика и управление на селското стопанство, 5, 16-25.
Башев Х. и М.Михайлова (2019): Състояние и развитие на аграрната научноизследователска и развойна дейност в България, Икономика и управление на селското стопанство, бр.3, 3-22.
Башев Х. и М.Михайлова (2019): Състояние, ефективност и фактори за развитие на системата за споделяне на знания, иновации и дигитализация в селското стопанство, Икономика и управление на селското стопанство, бр.4, 3-23,
Иванов Б., Р. Попов, Х. Башев, Н. Котева, Н. Маламова, М. Чопева, К. Тодорова, И. Начева, Д. Митова (2020): ДОКЛАД АНАЛИЗ НА СЪСТОЯНИЕТО НА СЕЛСКОТО СТОПАНСТВО И ХРАНИТЕЛНОВКУСОВАТА ПРОМИШЛЕНОСТ SWOT АНАЛИЗ, ИАИ https://www.mzh.government.bg/media/filer_public/2020/01/21/analiz_na_sstoianieto_na_selskoto_stopanstvo_i_khranitelno- vkusovata_promishlenost_izgotven_ot_institut_po_agrarna_ikonomika.pdf